Diet for pancreatitis

It is very important to follow a diet for pancreatitis, especially chronic pancreatitis.You should eat as much protein as possible and at the same time you should reduce or completely eliminate fats and carbohydrates, especially sugar, which is 99% carbohydrates, eliminate fried foods and any foods that contain coarse fiber.It is advisable to start taking vitamins.You need to eat little by little, but often, i.e. 5-6 times a day.

The pancreas is necessary to ensure the normal functioning of the body: it is thanks to the digestive juices that secrete into the lumen of the duodenum that the main components of food products are broken down - proteins, fats and carbohydrates.As a result of the digestive process that occurs in this part of the digestive tract, simpler compounds are obtained that enter the general bloodstream after being absorbed by the intestinal mucosa.Therefore, nutrients, amino acids and vitamins necessary for metabolic processes in cells and for tissue construction are formed from food products in the duodenum and reach all organs and systems of the body.

In addition, the pancreas produces insulin, which is necessary for normal carbohydrate metabolism, and lipokine, which prevents fatty degeneration of the liver.

The most common cause of pancreatitis is the abuse of fatty foods and alcoholic beverages.This disease can occur in acute and chronic form.Diet for pancreatitis depends on the characteristics of the pathological process: the acute period requires a stricter attitude to the diet and the food eaten.

With acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas, cardinal digestive disorders occur, including:

• The pH of the small intestine changes to the acidic side, as a result of which the patient feels heartburn, a burning sensation in the intestine;
• enzymes accumulate in the glands and begin the process of self-digestion of tissues, causing severe pain in the abdominal area in the navel area, on the right side;
• toxic substances accumulate, self-poisoning of the body occurs;
• Impaired insulin secretion causes diabetes.

The pathogenesis of pancreatitis develops according to the type of acute or chronic inflammation.The principles of treatment of all forms of pancreatitis include, according to the signs:

• surgical intervention;
• drug replacement therapy, taking into account the nature of the inflammation and the patient's condition;
• therapeutic diet nutrition.

Proper nutrition during the recovery stage of pancreatitis, especially after the patient is discharged from a medical institution, significantly increases the chances of complete recovery or stabilization of the pathology.

It is at home that the principles of nutritional nutrition are often violated.In the meantime, it is important to follow the unchanging rules of the therapeutic diet.Moreover, the diet does not contain expensive products;their preparation is very simple, including: chopping, boiling, steaming.

Diet for acute pancreatitis

During an exacerbation of an attack of pancreatitis, before the ambulance arrives, it is allowed to apply a cold compress to the area of pain, usually pain in the epigastric area.During this period, you are allowed to drink mineral water (for example, Borjomi, Narzan).The daily amount of fluid is up to five to six glasses, with normal urination.Simple liquids block the secretion of pancreatic juice into the lumen of the duodenum, reduce pain, and remove toxins from the body.

When a sick person is admitted to a medical facility, the patient will be given a diet developed by a nutritionist.

To illustrate the principles of diet for pancreatitis, we made an extract from this document.Numbered diets are not officially used in medical institutions.For pancreatitis, a diet with the abbreviations - SG and IAP is recommended.

In the case of acute pancreatitis, the patient is prescribed fasting in the first two days.It is allowed to drink only decoction of rosehip or mineral water - one glass up to five times a day.On the third day, it is allowed to eat food, but only low-calorie food, excluding fat, salt and dishes that increase the secretion of gastric juice and stimulate the process of gas formation in the intestines.

All the following days while the patient is in the hospital, he must adhere to the diet indicated by the doctor!

The degree of exacerbation of pancreatitis is fading

The diet is recommended taking into account the mechanical and biochemical preservation of the intestinal mucous membrane.

This meal includes:

• physiological levels of the main food components - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates;
• increased amounts of fat- and water-soluble vitamins;
• low content of substances that irritate the intestinal mucous membrane, including food flavorings;
• It is forbidden to use hot, salty, spicy, smoked food.

Cooking method: steam heat treatment.Food is crushed, purified, small pieces of prepared food are allowed.The temperature of food served on the table should not exceed 65⁰C. The recommended number of meals is five to six per day.

• A daily serving contains 90 grams of total protein and 40 grams of animal protein.
• Contains 80 grams of fat per day, 30 grams of vegetables.
• The carbohydrate content in a daily meal is 300 grams, easily digestible 60 grams.
• Energy value 2480 kilocalories.

After the symptoms of acute pancreatitis subside, it is better to switch to soups, eat lean meat and fish, fresh cottage cheese, cereals and vegetables, as well as puddings.Products such as fruit juice, honey, jam, sugar should be reduced or eliminated from the diet.Before going to bed, laxative drinks are useful: kefir, yogurt, etc.It is important to completely avoid fatty foods, baked foods, fried fish, lard, sour cream, salty and smoked foods, marinades, onions, garlic, radishes, and alcoholic beverages.

The recommended diet for acute pancreatitis should be followed from six months to a year.Almost one hundred percent of the patient's health depends on how strictly he adheres to the doctor's instructions regarding diet.It is important to remember that all mistakes in the diet immediately affect the condition of the pancreas.

Chronic pancreatitis in remission

This option has a different approach to feeding the patient.During this period, nutritionists recommend including a high protein content and physiological fat content in the diet.A more complex approach to carbohydrates.Diet during the remission stage suggests:

• protein is allowed slightly above the physiological norm;
• norms for fats and complex carbohydrates in the form of grains;
• Below the norm, include sugar, honey, jam, cakes, sweet pastries in the diet, and table salt is also below the norm.

With this option, it is forbidden to eat substances that irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.Such products include vinegar, alcohol, and other substances used as flavorings.

Dishes are prepared boiled, stewed, baked, or steamed.It is allowed to serve pureed food, not purée.Eat at short intervals, in small portions 4-6 times a day.Food is served warm.The temperature is not higher than sixty degrees Celsius.

• A daily serving contains 120 grams of total protein, including 50 grams of animal protein.
• A daily serving contains 90 grams of fat and 30 grams of vegetable fat.
• A daily meal contains 350 grams of carbohydrates, 40 grams of easily digestible carbohydrates.
• Energy value 2690 kilocalories.

Diet for chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis of the pancreas develops in most cases against the background of an acute disease.At the same time, it can also be primary if the patient suffers from cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis, duodenal pathology, cholelithiasis, allergies, atherosclerosis, and alcohol abuse.

Diet for chronic pancreatitis is considered the basis in the treatment of this disease.During the remission stage, the number of calories contained in the daily diet should correspond to physical activity.It is recommended to eat food up to six times a day, not forgetting about food that has a laxative effect.

It is important to monitor your daily protein intake.Since it is necessary for the normal recovery process, it must be consumed in sufficient quantities - up to 130 grams per day, and only 30% of the protein should come from plants.

The diet of patients with chronic pancreatitis must include beef, veal, rabbit meat, chicken, turkey, and lean pork.Prohibited: lamb, fatty pork, as well as goose, duck and game meat.If the patient is bothered by frequent pain, boiled meat dishes are chopped or steamed, dishes should not be baked in the oven, fried or boiled.Low-fat fish is also prepared in the same way.

Low-fat meat and fish dishes help patients avoid fatty liver degeneration, which is very important in chronic pancreatitis.Homemade cottage cheese has the same properties, but only if it is not acidic and fresh;store-bought cottage cheese is not recommended.

Milk in its pure form is most often poorly tolerated in chronic pancreatitis, so it is better to add it to porridge, soup, and jelly when preparing it.Although milk is well tolerated by patients, you should not abuse it, drink no more than half a glass of warm milk every day in small sips.Fresh fermented milk products are much healthier for people with pancreatitis.Cheese, which is prohibited during the exacerbation of the disease in the remission stage, can be eaten in small quantities provided that you feel well.Cheese must be low-fat and soft.Whole eggs are excluded from the diet, while steamed protein omelets and dishes with whipped whites are allowed, in addition, eggs may be present as an additional ingredient in other dishes.

Protein of plant origin can be represented by rice, old bread, crackers, semolina porridge, oats, buckwheat, and pasta.Legumes should not be eaten during pancreatitis.

Fat in the diet should not be more than 70 grams, and 80% of it is animal fat;they are best eaten together with other dishes and food products.It is better to put oil in the finished dish immediately before eating;vegetable oils are only allowed if they are well tolerated.Cooking fat, margarine, beef and lard is prohibited.

The daily diet should contain no more than 350 grams of carbohydrates;they can be represented by sugar, honey, jam, and syrup.Foods rich in carbohydrates include crackers, semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley, rice, and pasta.Patients are also allowed to eat potatoes, carrots, beets, squash, zucchini, and squash.Vegetable dishes should be steamed or cooked in water;you can eat vegetable steam pudding.Boiled vegetables are better eaten pure with the addition of grain soup.

For fruits, non-acidic types of apples are recommended: ripe fruits can be baked, pureed, or prepared into compote;compote made from dried fruits is also useful.

Of all the sauces, bechamel based on milk and flour is considered the most optimal, where the flour is not fried and a little salt is added.

• First course (soup from grains, vegetables, maybe with milk, meat from lean meat, fish, as well as sweet soup from fruits).
• Main course (boiled beef, chicken, fish, chicken omelette).
• Products containing grains (porridge, pasta, white and black bread, vegetable oil).
• Dairy, fermented milk products (milk 2.5%, fermented milk products, butter).
• Berries, fruits, vegetables (ripe, sweet) raw, baked, carrots, beets - boiled, as a sauce for soups, as side dishes and independent dishes.
• Desserts (easily digestible carbohydrates for pancreatitis are given on a limited basis, that is, below the physiological norm, jam, honey, sugar).
• Drinks (tea with milk, vegetables, fruit juice).
• Special product (protein composite dry mix) Add fat-soluble vitamins and water.

It is also important not to overeat, reducing the amount of daily food to 2.5 kilograms, taking into account the liquid you drink.Food is taken frequently and in small portions.

Following all dietary rules for pancreatitis can significantly improve the overall effectiveness of therapy.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

The number of products must be calculated based on the above regulatory documents.

Here is an approximate daily diet menu for pancreatitis:

First meal (7:00-7:30): boiled beef, oatmeal with milk, tea.

Second course (9:00-9:30) omelette, baked apple, rose hip stew.

Third course (12:00-13:00): vegetable soup, beef soufflé, pasta, sweet berry jelly, compote.

Fourth meal (16:00-16:30): cottage cheese and tea.

Fifth course (20:00-20:30): fish soufflé, tea.

What should be excluded?

As you can see, in the diet for pancreatic pancreatitis, all dishes are made from lean meat and fish - and then only in the boiled version.Fried food is prohibited.You can consume dairy products with a minimum percentage of fat content.It is advisable to drink only natural juices, compotes and teas rather than liquids.

The following should be completely excluded:

• All types of alcohol, sweet (grape juice) and carbonated drinks, cocoa, coffee
• Products of animal origin: offal, including the first category, pork and lard, fatty fish, all smoked, spicy, fried products, instant products based on extracts.
• Products of plant origin: legumes, mushrooms, spinach, sorrel, onions, bread products based on butter dough.
• Dessert: chocolate, rich cream.
• Figs, grapes, bananas, dates.
• Candy, chocolate, ice cream, jam.
• Pork fat, cooked fat.
• Poached eggs, whole egg dishes, fried eggs

Answers to popular questions

• Is cinnamon allowed?Cinnamon is a flavoring that can be purchased at specialty stores or supplied by distributors.What is presented in large supermarkets in package form is a cheap option called cassia.This "analog" is associated with a myth about its healing effect in type 2 diabetes. This is not associated with the work of the glands, but with the response of insulin receptors in the tissue.There is no official confirmation on this matter.As for real cinnamon, it increases the production of digestive juices, which is undesirable during an exacerbation of the disease.
• Are byproducts allowed?Heart, stomach and liver are not contraindications for pancreatitis, provided they are prepared correctly.Such products can be eaten boiled or stewed.It is not recommended to eat it fried.
• Are processed cheese, bread, chocolate, coffee allowed?Processed cheese should be the simplest, i.e. without any flavorings or additives.Bread can be included in the menu.Chocolate is allowed in small quantities.Coffee is not recommended at any stage of the disease.As an option, you can drink coffee with milk in small quantities.
• Are rice and olive oil allowed?Rice is allowed.Olive oil can be used to cook salads and other dishes.
• Is salt water allowed?During the remission stage, a little salt water will not harm, but you should not drink it in large quantities.
• Is salted lard allowed?Hard fat in the liver and gall bladder.When using it, the pancreas suffers for the second time.Outside the acute stage, eating lard is allowed, but in small quantities (up to two pieces a day, up to twice a week).